Popemobile moves toward plaza (Official papal visit photo)
The legacy of the Korean martyrs should inspire us to work in harmony “for a more just, free and reconciled society,” Pope Francis told hundreds of thousands of Koreans who packed into downtown Seoul for the beatification Mass of 124 Korean martyrs Saturday.
Carrying rosaries and wearing colors designated by their parishes, men and women, young and old, began gathering at dawn, swelling the ranks as the morning progressed. Police cordoned off blocks of downtown Seoul, stopping all traffic and requiring special church identity cards for Mass attendees to pass through security barriers.
Some crowd estimates were put at up to 2 million.
The Korean faithful waited together peacefully, sitting in rows and in prearranged locations. They sang and cheered through the morning as music played on loudspeakers. Huge TV screens lined the artery leading up to the plaza where the pope was to celebrate Mass.
An early high point came as the pope arrived in his white open-sided popemobile, which began a slow, long journey of a mile or more along a packed road leading toward Gwanghwamun Plaza, where a large altar had been constructed.
As Francis moved by, Koreans by the thousands on each block cheered and waved, holding up mobile devices to record the moment. Francis’ vehicle stopped occasionally, allowing him to kiss the foreheads of small children who were held up to him. He waved back with both arms extended, smiling appreciatively.
The morning beatification ceremony, a two-and-a-half-hour affair, was both solemn and joyful. It was considered one of the high points of Francis’ five-day trip here and likely will have drawn the largest gathering of his journey.
Quite possibly most of the 10.4 million Korean Catholics will have caught a glimpse of their pontiff at some point during his trip here.
At the point of the official beatification, loud cheers went up, echoing throughout the city.
Francis was vested in red, the color of martyrs. By Communion time, he looked relieved to sit down and watch as some of the 1,900 priests who attended the Mass distributed Communion.
Organizers said 100 bishops attended the Mass from Korea and abroad, mostly from other Asian nations. Some 170,000 designated parishioners were also given seats on the plaza.
An estimated 400 family members of the Sewol ferry tragedy were invited as special guests. Answering a late special personal request, Pope Francis agreed to baptize a father who lost a child in the April disaster, which took the lives of 306, most of them teenagers.
A father of a 17-year-old girl who died in the ferry sinking and who has fasted for 34 days to bring attention to victims' families' demands for the government to pass legislation opening an official investigation into the disaster got his wish Saturday: He met briefly with Pope Francis to urge his support in the family efforts.
Pope Francis delivered his homily in Italian, pausing every minute or two for a Korean translation to be read to Mass attendees.
“So often, we today can find our faith challenged by the world, and in countless ways, we are asked to compromise our faith, to water down the radical demands of the Gospel and to conform to the spirit of this age,” Francis said. “Yet the martyrs call out to us to put Christ first and to see all else in this world in relation to him and his eternal kingdom. They challenge us to think about what, if anything, we ourselves would be willing to die for.”
Pope Francis approved the beatification of Paul Yun Ji-chung and 123 other martyrs last February. News came 30 years after 103 Korean martyrs were canonized by John Paul II who visited Korea at that time.
It was reported Saturday morning that Francis made an unofficial visit to the residence of his Jesuit confreres within the Sogang University campus on Friday shortly after 8 p.m. The purpose of this visit was for the pope, a Jesuit, to spend “ordinary community evening recreation time relaxing with his fellow Jesuits.”
His closing remarks to the Jesuits were: "Be Jesuits who give consolation to people. And pray for me often." He left just after nine to retire at the residence of the papal nunciature.
The full text of Pope Francis’ remarks follow:
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? (Rom 8:35). With these words, Saint Paul speaks of the glory of our faith in Jesus: not only has Christ risen from the dead and ascended to heaven, but he also has united us to himself and he grants us a share in his eternal life. Christ is victorious and his victory is ours!
Today we celebrate this victory in Paul Yun Ji-chung and his 123 companions. Their names now stand alongside those of the holy martyrs Andrew Kim Taegon, Paul Chong Hasang and companions, to whom I just paid homage. All of them lived and died for Christ, and now they reign with him in joy and in glory. With Saint Paul, they tell us that, in the death and resurrection of his Son, God has granted us the greatest victory of all.
For “neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord” (Rom 8:38-39).
The victory of the martyrs, their witness to the power of Gods love, continues to bear fruit today in Korea, in the Church, which received growth from their sacrifice. Our celebration of Blessed Paul and Companions provides us with the opportunity to return to the first moments, the infancy as it were, of the Church in Korea. It invites you, the Catholics of Korea, to remember the great things, which God has wrought in this land and to treasure the legacy of faith and charity entrusted to you by your forebears.
In Gods mysterious providence, the Christian faith was not brought to the shores of Korea through missionaries; rather, it entered through the hearts and minds of the Korean people themselves. It was prompted by intellectual curiosity, the search for religious truth. Through an initial encounter with the Gospel, the first Korean Christians opened their minds to Jesus. They wanted to know more about this Christ who suffered, died, and rose from the dead. Learning about Jesus soon led to an encounter with the Lord, the first baptisms, the yearning for a full sacramental and ecclesial life, and the beginnings of missionary outreach. It also bore fruit in communities inspired by the early Church, in which the believers were truly one in mind and heart, regardless of traditional social differences, and held all things in common (cf. Acts 4:32).
This history tells us much about the importance, the dignity and the beauty of the vocation of the laity. I greet the many lay faithful present, and in particular the Christian families who daily by their example teach the faith and the reconciling love of Christ to our young. In a special way, too, I greet the many priests present; by their dedicated ministry they pass on the rich patrimony of faith cultivated by past generations of Korean Catholics.
Todays Gospel contains an important message for all of us. Jesus asks the Father to consecrate us in truth, and to protect us from the world.
First of all, it is significant that, while Jesus asks the Father to consecrate and protect us, he does not ask him to take us out of the world. We know that he sends his disciples forth to be a leaven of holiness and truth in the world: the salt of the earth, the light of the world. In this, the martyrs show us the way.
Soon after the first seeds of faith were planted in this land, the martyrs and the Christian community had to choose between following Jesus or the world. They had heard the Lord’s warning that the world would hate them because of him (Jn 17:14); they knew the cost of discipleship. For many, this meant persecution, and later flight to the mountains, where they formed Catholic villages. They were willing to make great sacrifices and let themselves be stripped of whatever kept them from Christ – possessions and land, prestige and honor – for they knew that Christ alone was their true treasure.
So often we today can find our faith challenged by the world, and in countless ways we are asked to compromise our faith, to water down the radical demands of the Gospel and to conform to the spirit of this age. Yet the martyrs call out to us to put Christ first and to see all else in this world in relation to him and his eternal Kingdom. They challenge us to think about what, if anything, we ourselves would be willing to die for.
The example of the martyrs also teaches us the importance of charity in the life of faith. It was the purity of their witness to Christ, expressed in an acceptance of the equal dignity of all the baptized, which led them to a form of fraternal life that challenged the rigid social structures of their day. It was their refusal to separate the twin commandment of love of God and love of neighbor, which impelled them to such great solicitude for the needs of the brethren. Their example has much to say to us who live in societies where, alongside immense wealth, dire poverty is silently growing; where the cry of the poor is seldom heeded; and where Christ continues to call out to us, asking us to love and serve him by tending to our brothers and sisters in need.
If we follow the lead of the martyrs and take the Lord at his word, then we will understand the sublime freedom and joy with which they went to their death. We will also see today’s celebration as embracing the countless anonymous martyrs, in this country and throughout the world, who, especially in the last century, gave their lives for Christ or suffered grave persecution for his name.
Today is a day of great rejoicing for all Koreans. The heritage of Blessed Paul Yun Ji-chung and his companions – their integrity in the search for truth, their fidelity to the highest principles of the religion, which they chose to embrace, and their testimony of charity and solidarity with all – these are part of the rich history of the Korean people. The legacy of the martyrs can inspire all men and women of good will to work in harmony for a more just, free and reconciled society, thus contributing to peace and the protection of authentically human values in this country and in our world.
May the prayers of all the Korean martyrs, in union with those of Our Lady, Mother of the Church, obtain for us the grace of perseverance in faith and in every good work, holiness and purity of heart, and apostolic zeal in bearing witness to Jesus in this beloved country, throughout Asia, and to the ends of the earth. Amen.
[Thomas C. Fox is NCR publisher. His email address is tfox@ncronline.org. Follow him on Twitter: @NCRTomFox.]